Laparoscopic Fecal Diversion

Fecal diversion refers to the creation of an ileostomy or colostomy. An ileostomy is an opening between the surface of the skin and the small intestine, while a colostomy is an opening between the surface of the skin and the colon. This opening is called a stoma.

Who Needs Laparoscopic Fecal Diversion

Laparoscopic fecal diversion may be recommended for individuals who have certain conditions or situations, including:

• Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Severe cases of Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis that do not respond to other treatments may require fecal diversion.
• Bowel Obstruction: When there is a blockage in the intestines that cannot be resolved with other interventions, fecal diversion may be necessary to relieve the obstruction.
• Perforation or Trauma: In cases of intestinal perforation or significant trauma to the digestive tract, fecal diversion may be performed to allow healing and prevent further complications.
• Diverticulitis: Severe diverticulitis with abscess formation or bowel perforation may require fecal diversion as part of the treatment plan.

When to See a Specialist

It is important to consult with a specialist, such as a colorectal surgeon or gastroenterologist, if you have a condition or situation that may require a laparoscopic fecal diversion. They can evaluate your specific case, discuss treatment options, and determine if fecal diversion is necessary.

Procedure

The laparoscopic fecal diversion procedure typically involves the following steps:

• Anesthesia: General anesthesia is administered to ensure the patient is asleep and pain-free during the procedure.
• Incisions: Several small incisions are made in the abdomen to allow access for the laparoscopic instruments.
• Insertion of Instruments: Laparoscopic instruments, including a camera and surgical tools, are inserted through the incisions to visualize the area and perform the procedure.
• Creation of Stoma: The surgeon creates a stoma by bringing a portion of the intestine through the abdominal wall and securing it to the skin.
• Diversion of Fecal Flow: The diverted portion of the intestine is either connected to a stoma bag or closed temporarily to allow healing.
• Closure and Recovery: The incisions are closed using sutures or surgical staples, and the patient is taken to the recovery room.

Road to Recovery

Recovery after laparoscopic fecal diversion varies depending on the individual’s overall health and the specific procedure performed. The healthcare team will provide instructions for post-operative care, including wound care, pain management, and dietary guidelines. It is important to follow these instructions and attend follow-up appointments for proper healing and monitoring.

Risk Management

While laparoscopic fecal diversion is generally considered safe, there are some potential risks and complications, including infection, bleeding, bowel obstruction, stoma complications, and anesthesia-related risks. The healthcare team will discuss these risks with the patient and take appropriate measures to minimize them.

Benefits of Laparoscopic Fecal Diversion

The benefits of laparoscopic fecal diversion may include:

• Symptom Relief: Fecal diversion can alleviate symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bowel urgency in certain conditions.
• Disease Management: It may help manage and control disease progression in cases of severe inflammatory bowel disease or diverticulitis.
• Improved Quality of Life: Fecal diversion can improve the quality of life for individuals with conditions that cause significant bowel dysfunction or complications.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Is laparoscopic fecal diversion reversible?

In some cases, laparoscopic fecal diversion can be reversible. It depends on the underlying condition and the specific circumstances. Consult with a specialist to determine if reversal is possible.

2. Will I need to use a stoma bag permanently?

The use of a stoma bag may be temporary or permanent, depending on the individual’s condition and the purpose of fecal diversion. Your healthcare team will discuss the duration and management of the stoma with you.

3. How long does the procedure take?

The duration of the laparoscopic fecal diversion procedure varies depending on the complexity and individual factors. It typically takes a few hours, but it may be longer in certain cases.

4. What can I expect during the recovery period?

During the recovery period, you may experience some discomfort, swelling, or bruising around the incision sites. Your healthcare team will provide guidelines on pain management, wound care, diet, and physical activity.

5. Can laparoscopic fecal diversion cure my underlying condition?

Laparoscopic fecal diversion is primarily performed to manage symptoms and complications associated with certain conditions. It may not cure the underlying condition but can help improve quality of life and prevent further complications.