Despite significant advancement in treatment options, cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide. However, a new approach has emerged in recent years, offering hope to patients and families affected by this complex disease and that is Immunotherapy. Immunotherapy for cancer treatment uses your body’s own immune system to fight the disease. In this blog, let’s dive into the world of immunotherapy, exploring its benefits and side effects.
What is Immunotherapy?
Immunotherapy is a therapy that uses your immune system to fight diseases like cancer and autoimmune disorders.
How does immunotherapy work?
Well, immune system cells, such as T cells and APCs, protect and defend the body. APCs patrol the body looking for cancer and other diseases. Whereas T cells are the soldiers of the immune system. Moreover, when an APC finds something suspicious, an APC sends signal back to T cell to multiply and attack the suspicious cells. But if T cells don’t stop, they can damage healthy cells. However, a safety switch called checkpoint prevents this.
Because cancer is so complex, T cells are switched off before their work is done. But with checkpoint inhibitor drugs (most common type of immunotherapy) we can prevent T cells from being switched off. This allows T cells to do their job.
Side Effects of Immunotherapy
The most common immunotherapy side effects are including:
- Fatigue
- Itchiness
- Diarrhea
- Nausea and vomiting
- Decreased thyroid hormone levels
What are the benefits of immunotherapy?
- Immunotherapy offers several benefits that can improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
- Immunotherapy can provide long-term protection against cancer recurrence.
- Immunotherapy can be combined with other treatments for enhanced effectiveness.
- Immunotherapy can have fewer side effects compared to chemotherapy.
- Immunotherapy can prevent many types of cancer from spreading.
What types of cancer can be treated with immunotherapy?
Well, we can treat multiple cancer types, including:
- Bladder cancer
- Head and neck cancers
- Hodgkin’s lymphoma
- Kidney cancer
- Lung cancer
- Melanoma
What is the cost of immunotherapy in India?
Well, the cost of immunotherapy is based on the type of treatment, stage and severity of the cancer, location as urban areas have higher costs than rural areas and medications and tests. Moreover, the estimated cost of immunotherapy in India ranges from Rs. 1,50,000 to Rs. 4,50,000.
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